Triumph Launching Event

Executive Summary3 Introduction4 Customer Profile6 Demographic6 Behavioural6 Environmental scan7 SWOT Analysis7 PEST Analysis9 Store observations10 In-store10 Shoppers Behavior11 Online shop12 Ideas / Amendments for functional and creative online services12 Brand Awareness Survey14 Motorcycle range14 Clothing and accessories17 Conclusion and Recommendations21 Range evaluation21 Triumph dealers’ range21 Executive Summary Firstly, we shall present a little information about the company. The company was formed as a bicycle manufacturing company by Siegfried Bettmann in Coventry in 1887.In 1967, the production of the motorbike peaked at 47,000 units in this year. Unfortunately the business went into liquidation because lack of government backing. But in that year, John Bloor, a businessman who is the current owner of the company, bought the land where the factory located and therefore have the rights to the name of Triumph and assembles a team to develop a new range. In 2008, the company could break the record of its peak production. They were able to produced more than 50,000 units in this year. Triumph now has five factories and all are 100 percent owned by the company.Two of these factories are based in Hickley, UK and the other three factories are in Chonburi, Thailand. The clothing and accessories are made in China. For Triumph motorcycle, there are six range which can be classifies as the following; Supersport, Adventure, Touring, Classics, Cruisers and Roadsters. The age ranges for each range are different from each other. The younger target market is more attracted to the Supersport, adventure and roadster range whereas touring and cruisers range attracts more of 45-60 years old. The range that is the most popular and has the biggest volume sold is the classic.Whereas the roadsters range has the most competitors. There are 54 dealerships in United Kingdom and Ireland. Sixteen of these are multi- franchise dealers and 38 are solus dealers. All of thes e dealerships are franchised. All dealers must follow brand standard such as colour the store blue with wooden floor. Fifty percent of the stores will have PCA specialist. There are 16 subsidiary markets and 36 countries nationwide. Introduction The aim of this project is to propose an effective launching event of Triumph clothing range to dealers around UK using the range evaluation that we have researched.Having an effective launching event can help the company to maximize and maintain relationships with the dealers in order to secure orders. This project also hoping to improve with the order management process which can reduce cost and time benefits both the company and dealers. We have been given the opportunity to evaluate and improve the sell at the launching event for the Autumn/Winter 2011 Triumph clothing collection. Triumph is a motorcycle company whom also sell biker’s clothing and accessories range. Their objective is to promote and be more emphasize with this ran ge where they see potential opportunity.This project aims to gain knowledge about how to expand Triumph’s clothing collection to non-biker customers. We are appointed to evaluate and suggests a new lunching event(s) to dealers around UK. The problem that they are having now is that their clothing and accessories range are only known among bikers. It is our mission to come up with strategy to maximize their profit by expanding their customer base. We are here to think of ways that can attract those who are non-bikers. For clothing and accessories, they will launch collections twice a year, which consists of Spring/Summer collection and Autumn/Winter collection. The collection is made up of core and seasonal items. Core items are the items regarding to the season and the dealers can reorder any time because the stock is at Headquarter. For seasonal items, they focus on the climate during that particular time of the year and only available via forward order. Forward orders are c rucial for both dealers and Triumph. This is the way dealers can secure products for the season and allows Triumph to understand the market and best seller.For the Autumn/Winter 2011 collection that we are appointed, Triumph has coordinate together with Barbour. Barbour is a UK owned clothing store broadening out from its countrywear roots. Todays the company produces clothing that is designed for a full country lifestyle. The collection is to be launch during February and March 2011. The launching event usually taken place at the factory where dealers visit the pop up store for viewing the new collection and this is to be joined by appointment only. Information, product demonstration and order making are taken place on the event day.Sometimes the person visiting the event may not have the authority to make the purchase, therefore the company is given them a 3 week launching event so that decisions can be made within this 3 weeks. During this 3 weeks, larger dealers have their indiv idual bringing of 1-3 staffs whereas 2-4 small dealers are grouped together. The main goal of this collection is to start expanding the market to those who are non-bikers. But the problem being that they have not been considering about putting their products into any other department stores because they want to give priority to their existing dealers for stocking Triumph products.There is no budget limit for the launching event and sounded like the previous events made at the factory has been quite low. Their main competitor is BMW (for motorcycle department). If there were any stock left at the end of the season, participated dealers will pay extra to get their names printed on the sale adverts, which is usually published in the motor publishing. Customer Profile Demographic Supersport: Customer is male, in the mid 20s, single, and lives in the city. Adventure: Customer is male, in the 30s, married, lives in an upscale neighborhood.Touring: Customer is male/female, in the 30s, marr ied, moves around a lot with no permanent resident. Cruiser: Customer is male, 50-60 years old, married, living in rural area. Classic: Customer is male/female, in the 50s, married, and does not live in big cities. Roadster: Customer is male, 25-40 years old, single, and lives in the big cities. Behavioural Supersport: People who like racing, and look for a motor technically outstanding with high specification. Adventure: People who like adventure, and look for versatile motor accompanying them in different environment.Touring : People who like sport and travel, they look for a powerful motor having grater practicality in touring or sports touring. Cruiser: People who like cruisers look and embrace attitude of the hotted up motorcycles of the  60s. Classic : People who like vintage style and look for a motor presenting modern interpretation of a timeless classic. Roadster: People who take speed and agility seriously and look for a middleweight streetfighter. Environmental scan SWO T Analysis Triumph was formed as a bicycle manufacturing company by Siegfried Bettmann in Coventry in 1887.The first motorcycle was built in 1902. Triumph now has five factories around the world. They have 750 dealers in 35 countries and 54 of them are in UK. The clothing range started in 1994 with collaboration with Frank Thomas. Strengths * Branding – A United Kingdom’s brand born in 1887. The brand is not only well known in the UK but throughout the world. * Worldwide presences – Triumph truly has an international presence with factories in UK and Thailand for the motorcycle sector and for clothing sector in China. Also there are 750 dealers around the world.Countries including Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, UK, USA and Venezuela. * Collaboration – The company successfully collaborates with the well known British clothing brand â€Å"Barbour† for their 2011 Spring and Summer clothing collection. This is an opportunity for Triumph to extend their brand awareness to non-bikers sector. * Customization – There is an option â€Å"create my Triumph† on the website where you can build your very own Triumph motorcycle.Weaknesses * Undifferentiated products/service – Unlike their rival, BMW, they don’t only make motorcycles, they produce cars as well. This is why BMW is a much better known company because their target market is relatively larger. * Because Triumph refuses to expand their stores into a more commercial environment such as a department store, the chance of attracting larger non-biker audience is lower. * The company is lacking marketing expertise. This weakened the brand to expand to its potential customers. Opportunities * The virtual world is becoming an essential part of our lives, Internet is a powerful tool.Having a Triumph site where customers can order online is beneficial. * Joint venture with Barbour will give opportunity to Triumph for expanding the brand name and brand awareness. * Moving into a new market segment with the clothing collection will generates more interests in the brand itself and also generates more profit. Threats * The continuing Global recession – The economic decline result in the demand of consumers. Especially with the increase in oil price, a motorcycle is considered as a ‘want’ not ‘need’. * Intense competition – There are many competitors in this market.Many of the competitors offer marketing incentives and reduce in product price. This action will have a negative effect on Triumph pricing and market share. * Global warming – The issue of global warming will effect in Triumph motorcycle sales. People are becoming more conscious of fuel consumption. PEST Analysis Political: The government has di scouraged bike usage by increasing taxes for all bike riders. Since 2009, there has been an increase in Bike Road Tax as well as Bike Parking Tax. Vehicle Excise Duty for Motorcycles has increased for the 2009-2010 period.With the increase in oil prices, it has become far more costly to ride a motorbike today. Even so, traffic congestion and overcrowded public transport favors motorcycle use as a means of commuting. Economic: Inflation rates in the UK are increasing as well as the exchange rate, while the interest rate remains low. Due to this situation, the production of motorcycles depend more on imports and labor cost have increased as a result. At the same time the increase in global trade has created severe competition in the industry due to the emerging foreign markets.However it is easier to escape this recession on a two-wheeler rather than a car. Social: More people in the UK now own motorbikes despite the increases in cost. It is more socially acceptable to own a bike, and there are a lot more female motorcycle owners. A lot of older individuals who used to ride bikes when they were young are now starting to purchase bikes once again (returner bikers). The number of motorcycle use has increased over the years as opposed to cars, as they serve as a status symbol and are more efficient and practical in traffic.Technological: Technological advances have added many safety features to motorbikes to make riders more comfortable. The demand of motorcycles has led to the emergence of larger capacity engines (around 500cc). These changes make motorbikes more attractive as a means of transport as well as a leisure activity. Store observations In-store North city Triumph North city Triumph opened this brand new store just a month ago and the shop outlook really inspires customers, even though you are not rider. Big Triumph flags outside and a fresh, clean environment welcomes you inside.The store is located in a busy suburban area, half an hour from London city , in a good marketplace if you are coming by car or by bike. The store is a Triumph Solus dealer and they have a PCA Specialist who is in charge of clothing and accessory parts. The Triumph brand is very well presented in the North city store: Wooden floors, bright and high spaces display their bike range and latest clothing collection range in a stunning way. The shop offers personal assistants for customers and all staff is most helpful and willing to serve clients to meet all their needs.The Triumph collection is still very monotonous and dark leather jackets and trousers make everything look like same. Unfortunately no product really stands out and even labels such as â€Å"new model† failed to make you more interested to buy. North city Triumph’s ideal customer is a man in his mid 40s, who buys products mainly for his needs rather than his wants. Metropolis Vauxhall Metropolis Vauxhall is located south of London city center, close to all transport connections. The shop is a Triumph multi- franchise dealer, so it also offers its competitors products.Here Triumph’s image as a brand is less highlighted and the collection range is narrower. The store visit is less inspiring than at the Solus store and Triumph’s products get lost among competing brands. Yet, a broad supply of competing products and brands attract a larger number of customers and this generates increased impulse sales for the more generic Triumph products, such as their leisure clothing line. The Triumph collection range remains vague and limited space availability makes displaying products, and brand imaging, challenging.Metropolis Vauxhall Triumph? s ideal customer is a man aged between 35 and 55 and they also might pop in store just for clothing, not just because of biking. Shoppers’ Characteristics †¢ Triumph clothes’ ideal customer is a man between 35 and 55 †¢ The ideal, and also potential customers, are males returning to their youth: t hey like to wear something classical, stylish and keep their individual style rather then run after the latest trends †¢ They like to shop in store †¢ They shop mainly for needs more than wants Triumph’s customers respect personal assistants and prefer visiting the same local store †¢ Customer respects practical clothes and a personal look †¢ Triumph’s brand is an important factor for customer ( SWOT,PETS, Dealers feedback) Online shop Online shopping has exploded during last decade and today it is normal to do a virtual shopping trip that satisfies the customer’s needs. This year e- retail sales are on course to a record 16% growth in the UK and as retailers start offering more and more e-services online shops will become faster and more functional.Also, using IMRG ( Interactive media in retail group) research report, clothing is one of the fastest growing online shopping sectors. Online shopping advantages are remarkable. Lower costs (expe nses) to retailers and customers, user friendliness, fast delivery and independence of shopping hours are factors that every company should take advantage of as much as possible. Though Triumph’s image is built on customer service, this would be a further advantage that increases their competitiveness. Also, as no other competitor has a truly outstanding online store, small quality improvements could result in a decent increase of customers.Triumph world website and dealers’ websites are overall very professional compared to other motorcycle brands, but dealers’ own online clothing shops /services differ largely in their visual outlook, ranges and operating systems in general. Outstanding and interesting dealers stand out straight away. Carl Rosner and A1 Moto are good examples of online shops that are simple to use and harmonized/balanced within Triumph’s brand image and product range. Almost exceptional, Solus dealers stand out with a positive Triumph b rand image and visitors get a feeling that the dealer is standing behind and believing in their brand 100%.However, surprisingly many dealers have a complicated order system and their product ranges are presented in a dull way, without a professional feel. The pictures are small and especially the light coloured casual clothes drown into the white background. At the moment some dealer’s pages don’t inspire to shop and their complicated order-system does not encourage online buying. Based on the research results and the feedback we got from consumers that are targeting Triumph’s target group, it is recommend that dealers’ webpages and online services would be similar and linked together with the Triumph brand nationally.Triumph’s target group and potential buyers mainly consists of men who usually appreciate user friendliness, and a straight forward clothing line, that can be bought with just a couple of clicks on the mouse Ideas / Amendments for fu nctional and creative online services †¢ Dealers online services/ shop harmonized to Triumph official sites and brand image. †¢ Product info and pictures to have same the outlook as is used in the Triumph catalog and their official pages. †¢ Creating seasonal online campaigns that are targeted to inspire loyal customers and new potential bikers. Charity campains. †¢ â€Å" â€Å"Goes with† – boxes†.Website would automatically suggest clothes or accessories that would go well with previously purchased items. †¢ Making online shopping easier and more fluent. Product ranges displayed with uniform background image and a picture size that allows you to properly view the chosen product. * Clothing pictures with real people, using professional photographer †¢ Promoting of casual wear line should be more directed towards the target customer group, men that have spending power, but little time for shopping. †¢ Create competition â€Å" design your own jacket or t-shirt†. Winner’s design would be launched with limited number.Brand Awareness Survey We have set up a survey analyzing Triumph brand awareness amongst Fashion students aged between 21 to 35 years old and other category was people with no age limit. At the moment, out of 38 respondents, only 14 have heard of the brand ‘Triumph’. Whereas the main competitors such as Yamaha, Ducati and BMW have 35, 32 and 30 respondents respectively. There are many factors that can be the reasons why Triumph is not as well known as the competitors. * Locations of the stores * Sponsorships * Product variety * Brand reputation * Brand marketing * Brand accessibilityAnother point that we can observes is that out of 38 respondents, only 1 respondent wrote Triumph as the brand that comes first in their mind. Whereas Harley Davidson has 15 respondents and Ducati has 8 respondents. For improvements of the brand awareness, we can study how Harley Davidson presents itself to the audience. After this observation, we would like to focus the brand emphasizing its British heritage with the Classic look. We can see that Harley Davidson and Vespa also have the Vintage Classic look and we think if Triumph brings out the Heritage theme it can become better known as well.Also, taking considerations consumers, we see that most potential new customers are middle age people, who have interest to start new, youngish hobby or finally carry out their dreams. These people, mostly men, have also money to spend for bike and naturally for street wise/ credible clothing. Analysis of Product offers Motorcycle range Triumph’s 2011 motorcycle product contains the following ranges. Pictures of products are listed in appendix. Roadster range Triumph Roadsters range is for the street. It stresses attitude, style, performance and agility.This range has Street Triple and Speed Triple. The Street Triple’s specification includes Triumph’s trad emark twin headlights and high level silencers, meaty dual brake discs up front and a comprehensive instrument suite that even includes a lap timer and adjustable gear change indicator. The Speed Triple’s specification includes four-piston Brembo brakes for eye-popping stopping power, fat alloy handlebars, fully-adjustable 43mm upside down forks for maximum control and a comprehensive instrumentation that includes lap timer and programmable gear shift light. Supersports rangeTriumph Supersports range is for the racetrack to compete with the best in the supersport class. This range has Daytona 675. With the lightest and narrowest chassis in the class, the Daytona 675 delivers outstandingly agile and intuitive handling. Fully adjustable suspension front and rear, with separate adjustment for high and low speed compression damping, gives the Daytona 675 superb composure on all surfaces, while top-of-the-range monobloc radial brake calipers up front deliver eye popping stopping p ower. Adventure range This range is designed for people who are looking for adventure and it has Tiger 1050.The Tiger 1050 is equally at home in the urban jungle as it is prowling on the open road. The Tiger 1050 with its commanding riding position, its muscular 1,050cc triple engine, powerful brakes and high specification sporty chassis making for real fun on the twisties and composure in the traffic. Tiger 1050 is a superbly competent bike and does scratch, tour and commute all. Touring range This range satisfied sport and touring at the same time and it has Sprint. (Sprint ST and Sprint GT) Equally capable of crossing continents or taking on a track day, the Sprint is one of those rare contradictions.The new Sprint ST has been given a number of improvements to ensure it remains one of the world’s favourite sports-tourers. Updates include new reflector-style triple headlight unit; re-designed cockpit; the same stunning 1050cc inline triple engine, but with latest spec ECU f or ultra-smooth throttle response. Sportier than the GT, the Sprint ST is set to become even more attractive due to its new ultra-competitive price. The New Sprint GT is greater practicality and more emphasis on the ‘touring' aspect of ‘sports touring'. It offers a unique proposition of performance, practicality and price.Performance from the uprated 1050cc triple with 130PS on hand. Practicality – the GT's byword – with 117 litres of lugguage, ABS brakes,   u-lock, built in rack and grab handle, and a  200 mile fuel range. Classics range This range is designed for classic motorcycle style. It has Scrambler, Bonneville, and Thruxton. Scrambler is inspired by the 60s Triumph off-road sports motorcycles that were stripped down for racing and has a unique look and feel all of its own. It has styling details including gaiters, white seat piping and high swept chromed side pipes.Bonneville is a thoroughly modern interpretation of the definitive ‘proper ’ motorcycle, this iconic symbol of rebellion and independence is even more accessible thanks to its low and narrow seat, clean and efficient fuel-injected engine and lightweight 17 inch alloy wheels for even sharper handling. Thruxton is named after the famous racetrack where Triumph ruled the roost and is inspired by the Ton Up Boys of the 1960s. The Thruxton is Triumph’s sportiest Modern Classic, and authentic cafe racer delivering a unique Triumph experience. Cruisers rangeThis range presents classic cruiser looks and has America, Speedmaster, Thunderbird, and Rocket III. For the classic cruiser look, the America comes with shrouded front forks with polished lowers, chromed single headlamp and chromed engine covers, machined cast wheels, chromed detailing and twin reverse cone pipes. The Speedmaster is a tough looking, no-nonsense sports cruiser that’s dripping with attitude. With blacked out engine cases, slash cut pipes and cast black wheels with polished rims, the Speedmaster embraces the attitude of the hotted up motorcycles of the  60s.The Thunderbird oozes cruise from every angle with its strong, muscular lines. Powered by the all-new 1600cc T-16 parallel-twin engine, the Thunderbird delivers class leading power, torque and economy figures, with a refinement previously unheard of in the mainstream cruiser class. Rocket III Touring is a true mile eating custom tourer blessed with unique character and that memorable 2. 3 litre motor. The iconic engine has been retuned for effortless low down torque. Rocket III Roadster has Classic streetfighter looks and delivers the tree-pulling levels of torque. Clothing and accessoriesTriumph’s 2011 spring and summer garment and accessories product contains the following ranges. Pictures of products are listed in appendix. Roadster range Performance products with attitude, developed for the street and the city. Roadster garments are targeted at the riders of Speed and Street Triple and range from subtle to heavy branded products. Added comfort and features make these products more usable for everyday or occasional riding. This range has items in jackets, pants and jeans. Supersport range Performance supersport products follow the ethos of bikes like the Daytona 675.They are technically advanced with high specification, delivering a product range that is aimed at the track and sports riding. Visually strong, these pieces are heavily branded with a bold and distinctively triumph design. This range has items in one piece suit, jacket, and jeans. Touring range Touring series is a very functional range of products. Waterproof, windproof and breathable, this collection has been developed to allow consumers to enjoy long rides, providing the wearer with the essential protection from the elements. This range has items in jacket, pans, and jeans.Adventure range Inspired by the spirit of adventure, this collection of products has a more rugged, enduro style. Packed full of features, these functional garments will deal with the requirement of both road and off-road riding. This range has items in jacket and pants. Heritage range Classic looking products make up this range, inspired by motorcycle garments of the past. This collection is designed for the exacting requirements of a modern day motorcyclist, whist also maintaining that true authentic heritage. This range only has items in jackets. Modern retro rangeWhere modern meets retro, a range of products inspired by the classic racing garments of the 60’s and 70’s. The use of racing stripes, graphics and colors are combined with classic style leathers and modern construction technologies to deliver a performance riding product. This range has items in jackets and jeans. Legend range The Triumph legends range includes a series of products that pays homepage to the icons of music and screen that had a close relationship with Triumph. Legend collection contains two special editions which Ma re- James Dean special edition Jacket and Mcqueen special edition Jacket.Cruiser range This range have taken the classic image of the cruiser and given it a Brit Rocker attitude. The Cruiser range take their influence from the British Rocker culture of the 1960’s and 70’s and combined these looks with modern technology. This range has items in jackets and jeans. Triumph union range The triumph union range has a fashion influence with products that cross over between categories and can be comfortably worn on any bike or worn off-bike. These products have character and a style of their own. This range has items in jackets and blousons.Function range The function range of products comprises of waterproof oversuits and protector including protect vase, back pro-tech and pro-tech jacket. Men’s casual range This range presents casual look and has items in shirt, layer tops, leggings, jackets, T-shirts, shorts, polo, hoodies, and denims. These products can go with othe r Triumph products. Ladies range The ladies collection offers a focused number of styles and options to appeal to both rides and pillions alike. All styles are designed independently, conceived to appeal to women.This range has items in jackets, jeans, gloves, and boots. Ladies casual wear range This range presents casual look and has items in shirts, T-shirt, vests, and jeans. Junior range The junior range is fun and colorful, and is ideal gifts for younger Triumph enthusiast. This range has items in shirts, T-shirts, bike models, model kits, and Triumph Teddy. Personal accessories range Personal accessories range has items in following categories: – personal luggage (helmet bags, bum bags, laptop bags, and hold all) – gifts(magnets, cybertool, water bottle, and cards set) team hinckley(door mat, buff, beer mat, and bike mat) – headwear and buffs (hat, buff, and neck tube) – collectors scale models – wallets and pens – watches and wall cloc k – belts and buckles – key fobs and pin badges – mugs and glassware -patches and stickers Conclusion and Recommendations Range evaluation Triumph’s clothing line is strongly linked to their motorcycle collection. They offer a wide range of riding gear, of high technical quality, designed specifically for each motorcycle model.They renew their clothing line twice a year to suit their customer’s changing needs throughout the year, allowing them to adjust for different weather and climates. Triumph is proud of its roots and history. This becomes clear after only a brief glance through their webpages. Their clothes are designed and manufactured with utmost respect towards its image and heritage. This way they guarantee customer satisfaction and a first class biker look, suitable for riding and leisure. Their vast clothing line serves both the customers and the dealer’s needs.An ideal riding suit or just a jacket has been designed to every motor cycle type and this helps the dealers in designing their collection and building their order. Triumph pricing range is ideal and comparing biggest competitors BMW and Ducati, we see that their products offer best value for money. If the clothing range, especially in casual wears would be bit more mature and classical, we would even suggest higher prices for some products. Every dealer should offer best-selling products for all motorcycle range and also build up perfect combination for casual wears that goes together in style with modern motorcycle clothes.The climate and location are naturally also important factors, but it is more important in our view that the supply for their target group and demand of motorcycles are in balance. Collections offer great suits for driving and in that field Triumph are reaching their goals (touring, supersports, adventure). However problem is that most of these products aren’t something you buy every season, not even every year, so Triumph c lothing should be stand out more through modern motorcycle clothes, casual wears, that goes as well as biking clothes (modern retro, legend, heritage, casual). Triumph dealers’ rangeBased on our store-visits, customer feedback and material that we received from the Triumph company, it seems like Solus and multi-dealers have certain problems defining an ideal clothing range. Solus dealers normally have a large range of products but the typical customer normally comes in to see motorcycles and if they buy clothes it is usually mainly for driving. The casual wear line is presented well but since the competition in this field is fierce, people tend to prefer buying clothes elsewhere. Multi-franchise dealers have other brands presented as well, so Triumph clothes are not standing out too well.However, these shops are visited by a larger number of new potential customers, so if the range matches the customers’ needs, this will affects sales positively. To be able to find a p erfect balance for the range that is being ordered, dealers must target their potential customers and then build the perfect match of driving clothes, casual wears and personal accessories around it. The Triumph company must also be able to build a brand image that is identical with the products that are being offered. Every successful clothing brand has to focus on a certain look.Triumph’s history and success in motorcycles is defined by their individual yet stylish look and this should also be the brand message going forward. Appendix: http://www. triumphmotorcycles. co. uk/clothing, Triumph company materials, ——————————————– [ 1 ]. http://www. triumph. co. uk, http://www. a1moto. com, http://www. carlrosner. co. uk, http://www. metropolismotorcycles. com [ 2 ]. http://www. harley-davidson. com/en_US/Content/Pages/MotorClothes_Merchandise/pink-label. html [ 3 ]. http://e u. levi. com/en_GB/shop/index. html, http://www. asos. com [ 4 ]. http://www. streetshirts. co. uk

Innovative Hr Practices by Organisation Across Different Sectors

Innovative HR Practices by Organisation across Different Sectors Introduction Companies are taking up people-related initiatives as there is a need to manage human resources advantageously, so as not to lose the competitive edge in talent that they have built. In managing their human resources, companies have time and again focused on values, invested in personnel, emphasized on meritocracy and consequently attaining excellence in HR processes. Innovative Practices of Recruitment and Selection * Second career Internship Program: Tata SCIP was launched in March 2008 on International Women’s Day . It is a career transition management programme for women professionals who have taken a break of 1-8 years for any reason, and wish to re-enter the professional space. * Holding on to the employees Quatrro BPO Solutions has nurtured a concept of keeping in touch with high performers who leave the concern and hone in them, whenever they want to come back. * Making use of pre hiring Process: Genpact, the BPO pioneer, uses a pre-hiring process to aid in arresting attrition. The organisation brings people before they join, and have them look at the workplace. If the people choose to join, that reduces potential attrition. * Checking the Profile on Social Networking Sites: Organisations are pursing the candidate’s profile on sites such as Face book and LinkedIn. Once a candidate applies, his social behavior is traced. The persons social Skills decide if he fits the job. This practice has also started in India. Innovative practices of Reward and Recognition In today’s competitive world, rewards and recognition plays an important role in motivating and retaining employees. Rewards and recognition is an important part in every HR plan these days. Rewarding the high performing and motivating others to become such is becoming mandatory in IT & BPO industry. 1. Giving Store Vouchers like Shoppers stop, life style etc. 2. Giving cash prizes. 3. Giving articles (wide range of durables as per the level of performance). 4. Organizing holiday trips. 5. Article Gifting Innovative Practices of Motivation Giving Freebies Every weekend, people working at Coco-Cola India’s Gurgan Head quarters received for liters of company beverages free in a program called weekend funda * Providing Dependent Insurance The biggest employee benefit, HSBC provided to its employees was 100% hospitalization benefit for employees Spouse and children. * Offering Stock Options iGate is among a few firms, that has continued to offer stock options to its employe es. There are longterm investment measures for weeding, families, even retirement. Making use of Music Raymond Limited Hosted Music events to its employees. Dream Circle is a group of people with different skill set who play percussion instrument in freestyle but produce a harmonized rhythm in the end. * Treating as Guest: At Marriot Hotels India, The employee usually join the hotel in the batches. The hotel grates six off days every month, something uncommon for the hotel industry and there is also excellent system of compensatory off, * Launching Employee Assistance Program HSBC initiated the Employee Assistant Program(EAP) to assist in coping with trauma and stress post 26/11. Innovative Practices of cost Cutting * Offering Sabbatiacal Package * Offering VRS * Compulsory Leaves Innovative Practices of Traning * Providing Classroom Curriculam * Empowering Young Executives * Encouraging a culture of Innovation * Watching Film Conclusion To conclude, it can be said that those companies that have invested considerable time and resource in building a solid human capital management foundation are better positioned to weather the strom.

Brothers Grimm Fairytales

Introduction: I know that fairy tales are strange and even realistic. There are animals, magical foods, and mothers of the gods in a fairy tale. They are also used as a basis for entertainment and most children begin in childhood. Almost all fairy tales are always happy even after the end, starting with Zeng Geshi. Personally, my experience with fairy tales is that I like certain fairy tales and stories that I can not see. I like Beauty and the Beast and Cinderella. As a child, the fairy tale has given me hope for happiness forever. Many of the fairy tales that you read or watched over the years are not original versions of fairy tales. Walt Disney World and many other companies have adopted a lot of Grimm Brothers fairy tales and have changed them to fit the eyes of many young viewers. The Grimm Brothers is one of the most influential scholars in the world. Grimm's fairy tale is the source of the most famous work dating back to prehistoric times. They gathered most of the stories fr om children and family stories. INTRODUCTION: I decided to study a fairy tale, especially the Grimm brothers' fairy tale. A fairy tale is a short story, composed of fantasy characters, places, objects. Many of them are made of fairies and mysterious creatures. Most fairy tales start with Fairy Land or Remote Land. In many cases, in fairy tales, things become addictive and can talk and move. The most common characters in a fairy tale are the prince and the princess. Many fairy tales have been repeated over generations. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were famous writers at the beginning of 1800, and they changed the way fairy tales are observed forever. The Grimm Brothers are best known for their creative interpretation of popular fairy tales, such as Rapunzel, Snow White, Hansel, Gretel. Dark and tragic themes were used to create Grimm's fairytale, and the use of these themes changed dramatically from the normal 1800 fairy tale. The Grimm brothers are responsible for creating a new dark sid e for the children 's story, and their creativity can be seen with their early life, work and fame. When the Grimm brothers in their era began to write stories, they became known with the dark and unforgetable themes they wrote. Amazingly, the stories of Brothers Grimm are the first fairytale (candlelight) not for children. Brothers Grimm often rewrites old folklore to better adapt to their times. (Candlelight) Another unique point of the Grimm Brothers story is the ability to begin with a verbal narrative of children's literature. Long ago, the story was sketched on the wall of the cave so that people could find a story. The children were talked about seeing the drama as a form of songs, stories, and literature. Many traditional stories are based on culture and ethics. These stories have always preserved the culture and have been handed down to each generation. Like other oral stories, these stories are changing throughout the year. of

Questions Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Questions - Speech or Presentation Example The Industrial Revolution planted the seeds for the erosion of the employment-at-will doctrine. When employees began forming unions, the collective bargaining agreements were formed and the unions had to negotiate with employers frequently because the agreement had provisions in them that required just cause for adverse employment actions, as well as procedures for arbitrating employee grievances. The 1960s marked the beginning of Federal legislative protections (including Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act) from wrongful discharge based on race, religion, sex, age, and national origin. These protections reflected the changing view of the relationship between employer and employee. Rather than seeing the relationship as being on equal footing, courts and legislatures slowly began to recognize that employers frequently had economic advantages when negotiating with potential or current employees. The recognition of employment as being central to a person’s livelihood and well-being, coupled with the fear of being unable to protect a person’s livelihood from unjust termination, led to the development of common-law, or judicial, exceptions to the employment-at-will doctrine beginning in the late 1950s. Employers should use gender neutral terms when advertising for staff. For example, adverts for a postman, waitress, salesgirl, which use a job description with a sexual implication, are likely to violate the Sex Discrimination Act. Occasionally, however, an employer may be able to lawfully discriminate on grounds of sex or race, for example, a department store could legitimately advertise for male applicants to play Father Christmas. On the basis of above facts it is quite clear that Muhammad pursue a claim for discrimination against Joes Bakery since the discrimination has been made on the grounds of racial discrimination by refusing him the

Organizational Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organizational Culture - Essay Example Mallinger and Goodwin depict how technology, competition and dynamic business environments in the technological epoch have increased the need for organizational culture. Comprehending the cross-functional effects of change is imperative to the fostering of a productive organizational change (Mallinger). Organizational change influences positive change in organizations that observe it. When the culture of an organization aligns with its goals and mission of an affiliation, positive results are available. According to the authors, cultural insight induces awareness of employee acceptance of change and pinpoints root causes of quandaries that hamper increased performance. Organizational culture is measurable through determining how an organization’s members can affect change, conform to ambiguous practices, achieve orientation, handle individualism against collectivism, handle egalitarianism and orient time and orient space. The authors offer an example of the Goodwin Company whe re its employees have an influential nature, had minimal collaboration among its management and lacked strategic plans for the company’s future (Mallinger). This adversely affects its organizational culture. The proposed structural alterations include establishing a strategic management department that addresses core challenges, offering employees and clients an influential voice and establishing a vision that encourages belongingness and fosters teamwork between all departments in the affiliation. ... Recognizing Organizational Culture in Managing Change Mallinger and Goodwin depict how technology, competition and dynamic business environments in the technological epoch have increased the need for organizational culture. Comprehending the cross-functional effects of change is imperative to the fostering of a productive organizational change (Mallinger). Organizational change influences positive change in organizations that observe it. When the culture of an organization aligns with its goals and mission of an affiliation, positive results are available. According to the authors, cultural insight induces awareness of employee acceptance of change and pinpoints root causes of quandaries that hamper increased performance. Organizational culture is measurable through determining how an organization’s members can affect change, conform to ambiguous practices, achieve orientation, handle individualism against collectivism, handle egalitarianism and orient time and orient space. T he authors offer an example of the Goodwin Company where its employees have an influential nature, had minimal collaboration among its management and lacked strategic plans for the company’s future (Mallinger). This adversely affects its organizational culture. The proposed structural alterations include establishing a strategic management department that addresses core challenges, offering employees and clients an influential voice and establishing a vision that encourages belongingness and foster teamwork between all departments in the affiliation. After initiating such reforms towards positive organizational culture, the authors found out that shifting an established organizational culture is a challenging activity that requires utter

The ways of resolving conflicts Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The ways of resolving conflicts - Assignment Example This research will begin with the statement that if one were in Lee Lattoni’s place, one will deal directly with the conflict by talking with B.J. O’Malley first before making any decision. Since B.J. seems to be the leader of the male group in the cost accounting department, the objective is to convince him to accept the decision so that eventually, he can convince the others in the department. One will tell him about the plan to hire Regina Simpson and the reason why one believes that it will be for the best interest of the department to hire her. One will point out to him that it will make the department more efficient and if that happens, everyone in the department will benefit because management will see its improved performance. One will request him to just be open to the idea and not judge Regina prematurely. One will also talk with Regina to inform her in advance about how she might be treated in the department and the culture that pervades there. She will, howe ver, be assured that she will have one’s 100 percent support. For B.J. O’Malley is the difference in the values, beliefs, and personalities. Whereas Lee and Regina value a college education, B.J. and the rest of the males in the department find it irrelevant. The insecurities of the males in the department are reasons why they do not want Regina to join them. Their male egos are threatened by Regina’s presence, especially her educational background.

Paraphrase the paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Paraphrase the paper - Essay Example r important aspect of human trafficking is the technique use, for instance trafficking can be done through threats and force, where one is taken without his or her consent. Abduction and deception could also be other techniques (UNHCR 2). The intention behind the trafficking is the third aspect of human trafficking. This entails the main agenda behind act of trafficking, for instance it could be for slavery purposes. The final aspect of human trafficking is the outcome of the act, for example, death of the victims, or arrest of the offenders by authority. Slave trade is the business of selling human slaves form by one owner to the other. Slavery was mainly on the basis of racism and discrimination. The culture of the slave trade consists of a couple of aspects. The first aspect of the slave trade culture is brutality. The owners of the slaves did not care that slaves were human, and; thus, treated them in a brutal manner. The second aspect is cruelty, where the slaves were treated in ways that were cruel and undignified way. The third aspect is exploitation. The slave owners exploited the services of the slaves and did not offer payment for their labor. Dehumanization of the slaves was another aspect. The treatment of the slaves by the owners was inhuman, for example, the slaves were beaten and forced to work without rest. The final aspect is the treatment of slaves as goods; where slaves were sold form one owner to another just like goods are sold (UNHCR 2). Everyone has a right, According to Amnesty international and other bodies of human rights. However, slavery violates some of these rights in relation to the documentary sex slave. For instance, right to movement, right to make one’s own decisions, rights to speech, right to own property, and the right to dignity. There are ways by which the state determines a citizen legally. Birth is one fundamental way the state uses, where a person is legally considered a citizen of a State if he or she is born in the

History (American Imperialism) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History (American Imperialism) - Essay Example 589). 500 banks, and 15,000 businesses failed. The rich industrialist and poor working classes were vastly separated, and the rights of African Americans since the Civil War were ignored. The federal government was in a state of constant stalemate. The U.S. administration needed to respond to economic and class divisions, as well as to cycles of boom and bust that were destroying the economy. They did this by adopting the practice of imperialism in foreign policy. This saved the economy, and brought the U.S. increased power. Imperialist policy decisions set the model for U.S. foreign policy into the 20th Century. McKinley was elected President in 1896. At this time, an economic recovery was happening. In addition, southern and western farmers, as well as Standard Oil, were sending product overseas. America was witnessing the actions of Britain and France, who were taking Africa and Indochina respectively, by force. Their machine-gun technology proved overwhelming to foreign resistanc e (Davidson, et al, 2010, p. 611). America wanted in on this expansion, and, like the Europeans, used the doctrine of Manifest Destiny to justify the exploitation of foreign peoples and resources. In addition to McKinley, a three-part group of elites banded together at this time â€Å"to promote American Imperialism† (Davidson et al, 2010, p. 612). Mahan, a navy admiral, promoted his theory of Navalism, which stated that the cycles of overproduction and depression that had been occurring could be alleviated by developing import and export with foreign markets. Modern cruisers and battleships were needed to protect these markets. Missionaries wanted to change â€Å"heathen† foreigners into Christians by introducing western culture and values. Many missionaries were opposed to the brute force exercise of power, but they were in favor of imposing their ideology onto foreign people. Social Darwinists Spencer and Sumner argued from the premise that Anglo-Saxon and Teutonic stock were the â€Å"fittest† to rule over â€Å"lesser peoples of the world† (Davidson et al, 2010, p.613). Then Secretary of State James G. Blain advocated for expansion of trade into Central and South America. Britain, however, already had interests in South America. Blaine’s efforts to cancel the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, which shared access with Great Britain to any possible canal that might be built, were resolved with the Hay Pauncefort Treaty. This stated that the U.S. could build a canal in Central America, but was required to give all nations access. Using the Manifest Destiny model, Blaine bullied Central American countries into compliance with his Pan American Union, which facilitated trade between the two regions. Blaine threatened to ban exports from Central American countries into the U.S. unless these countries complied. (Davidson, et al, 2010,p.616). The U.S. became involved with Spain, England, Venezuela, Cuba, Hawaii and the Philippines due to th eir imperialist policies. The Spanish-American War was waged over possession of Cuba. America and Britain narrowly escaped war over disputes concerning trade in Central America. In Hawaii, the Queen was overthrown, and marines came in to â€Å"protect† American lives. Big sugar planters, who wanted trade with the U.S., were influential behind the scenes. American imperialist policy in the war in the Philippines contained racism and brutality. The U.S.

Financial statements analysis and financial models(question answers) Assignment

Financial statements analysis and financial models(question answers) - Assignment Example a company, without seeking for debt finance, the following are two ways a company can adopt in order to increase the sustainable growth rate: first, the utility rate of assets should be increased in order to increase the revenue generated, thus, increase the net income. An increase in the net income increases both the ROE and the payout ratio. Second, the company can depend on either retained earnings or equity finance to fund the undertakings of projects with positive net present value. ROE = Profit margin*Total asset turnover*equity multiplier = (0.55*1.9*0.063) = 6.5835%. Sustainable growth = (ROE*b)/1- (ROE*b). 0.09 = (0.065835b)/ 1 – (0.065835b). b = 1.2546 = (1 – payout ratio). Therefore, payout ratio = (1.2546 – 1) = 25.46%. Consequently, for the growth rate to be achieved, the dividend payout ratio must be 25.46%. The interpretation means that the company will use 25.46% of the net income to fund dividend payment. The approximate sustainable growth rate SGR = (ROEb)/1- (ROEb). ROE = (Net income/equity) = (95,000/230,000) = 41.30%. The payout ratio = (42,000/95,000) = 44.21%. Therefore, SGR = (0.413*0.4421)/1 – (0.413* 0.4421) = 0.1826/ (1- 0.1826) = 22.34%. The exact sustainable growth rate = 22.339124%. Since the value of equity never changed during the period, the ROE is remains unchanged. Therefore, the approximate sustainable growth rate is similar to the above determined

Intro to ethics Essay Example for Free

Intro to ethics Essay The career field that I have chosen is public relations which also has a focus in journalism. Since journalism is often known as the 4th government branch because it watches over the actions of the other branches there are many controversial issues involved which required applied ethics to work through. Business ethics can be seen very strongly in public relations and journalism because there are often conflicts between advertisers which is here the largest amount of revenue comes from and editorial. For example, an article may be getting ready to run about how someone was killed by a person who illegally obtained a gun. The article may spark some gun control arguments and opinions. In the same issue of the paper there might be a firearm store placing a large display advertisement for a sale they are having. There is a dilemma there that will need applied business ethics to decide what to do. Do they run both anyways, or stick with the advertiser and trim down the details of the article so there is not as much focus on gun control? There are legal rights issues that required applied ethics reasoning also associated with public relations and journalism. There are certain details and name and things that can only be printed based on specific things such as a person being certain age and circumstances. Some areas consider it illegal to print in the obituaries that someone committed suicide. Sometimes though if it is a public matter that many people witnessed it is had to avoid printing that a suicide occurred without people know there is information being with held. In addition to this there is also always the possibility of sources being incorrect and the information you print being libelous to someone. Finally there is computer and information ethics in applied ethics. This category can be seen in public relations and journalism in much the same way as legal issues with being slanderous or libelous to someone or a company. Depending on what sources one use there may be false information coming from the computer and information. A professional in public relations of journalism has to take the responsibility to fact check and check the credentials of the sources they are using. The responsibility to check facts does not lay with the source, but with the journalist. If they received incorrect information that could have been spotted if fact checking was done they are negligent and can face very serious consequences. Fact checking cannot only hurt the legally, but also ethically. The people, businesses and other things that are written about are affected deeply. Sometimes there has to be a choice made as to whether a story is worthy of printing if it is going to harm someone or someone’s family members. Most of the time the ethical choices that have to be made in public relations and journalism stem from not which side of a topic to be on, but what to put out to the public on topics. For example, even if a reporter feels that abortion is completely wrong they cannot express this opinion. They have to write for both sides just giving the facts to what things each side says. They could be thinking abut writing to persuade people on why abortion is wrong, but the ethical decision is to step back and understand where both sides of the argument are coming from.

Primark Is Very Famous Retail Clothing Store Chain Marketing Essay

Primark Is Very Famous Retail Clothing Store Chain Marketing Essay I will highlight the basic components of strategic marketing and discuss how strategic planning process is vital and how much its important for making an effective marketing strategy. This assignment has been divided in to three learning outcomes. First learning outcome is about how marketing plan supports the strategic objectives of the organization. This learning outcome includes marketing planning process, how SWOT could be an effective tool and difference between marketing strategies and marketing planning. Second learning outcome is about the construction of marketing plans. This includes analysis of marketing mix how to produce marketing plan. Third and the last learning outcome are about how to promote the marketing plan in support of strategic objectives. Primark Primark is very famous retail clothing store chain, providing clothes to customer at reasonable and affordable prices. Primark is actually an Irish retailer of clothing with the numbers of stores in United Kingdom, Ireland and Spain. Primark has more than 170 stores in which 125 stores are located in all over United Kingdom, 35 stores in Ireland and round about 10 stores in Spain. The first Primark store was established in year 1969 in capital city of Ireland in Dublin by Arther Ryan with the collaboration with Micaela Mitchell. After achieving the first success, they open more stores in different business centres with in local and regional areas, which alternatively generate more profits. (Source: www.primark.co.uk) Now I would like to discuss the first learning outcome of my assignment that how marketing plan supports strategic objectives. I will first define both of them then focus on the vision and mission statements of Primark. The Marketing Concept The marketing concept emerged in the mid-1950s. Instead of a product-cantered, make-and-sell philosophy, business shifted to a customer-cantered, sense-and-respond philosophy. Instead of hunting, marketing is gardening. The job is not to find the right customers for your products, but the right products for your customers. The marketing is actually a tool to hold the key to achieve organizational mission and goals. In this way company become more effective than its competitors in the market for creating, delivering goods to the customers. (Source: MBA Career Program) Theodore Levitt of Harvard drew a contrast between selling and marketing concepts: Selling is the concept which only focuses on the needs of the seller; marketing is on the need of the buyer. Selling is actually a phenomena with sellers need to convert its product into cash; marketing is an idea of satisfying the need of the customer by mean of the product and the whole cluster of things associated with creating, delivering and finally consuming it. (Source: International Marketing Strategy, fifth edition) What is strategy and why it is important: A strategy is actually a plan of action which is designed to achieve the particular goals. Its consists of competitive moves and approaches used by the managers to run the company Management is concern with the following action plans their main aim is to Grow the business Please attract the customers Compete in the market successfully Conduct different operations Achieve targets of organizational performance Strategy involves in three questions and the answers of these three are on the basis of an organizations strategic planning these questions are Whats the present situation of the organization? Where does the organization need to go from here? How will the organization get there? The organizations answer to how it will get there is its strategy. Strategy and Competitive Advantage: Now days to survive in the market its very important to have competitive advantage over your competitors and rivals. Strategic planning helps us to get the competitive advantage so that organization can increase their market shares and earn more profits. A different and distinctive strategy thats helps and makes the company apart from their rivals and gives a company competitive advantage is a companys most reliable way to get the profit above average profits. Competing with competitive advantage is more beneficial than competing with no advantages Competing without competitive advantage result in low profitability. Vision of Primark: The mission of the management and the staff of Primark have been to supply quality and affordable product to the customers with a focus on new promotion. Mission Statement The Mission statement of Primark Company is to provide good and quality product to the customer relativity low as compare to the other retailers working in the market and with this stay competitive and should have a competitive edge with other clothing retailers in order to promote the culture of value for money. SMART Analysis: If we apply SMART analysis is accordance with the mission statement of Primark we can analyse the following Specific: Specific means that mission statement of Primark is specific in nature in terms of its objective. Measurable: The mission statement to some extent doesnt provide any time frame. Achievable: The targets of the organization are quite achievable. Realistic: Primark stores have adopted a realistic approach. Timely: to achieve the organizational goals Primark has no set any time framework. Importance of Marketing Planning at Business Product Level: The success of any business and any product which is launched in the market is depends on its Marketing Planning. For this reason I will focus on the importance of marketing planning for the business as well as the product. Let me discuss what is Product. Products: A product is something which is tangible in nature that can be touch or have a physical existence i.e. shape, size, colour dimensions etc, but this is a misleading concept in term of product definition because product can be intangible in nature as well like financial services provided by banks, services provided by the insurance companies to the customers etc. (International Marketing Analysis Strategy P-275) Now I would like to discuss the marketing planning process and analyse how this process is important for business and the products. Marketing Planning Process: Market plan is a document that has the details regarding the product or the actions which company takes. (Kotler et al. (2010). The different methods used by the management of the organizations in which they defines in details there current and future strategies, objectives and aims is called planning process. By this they can access the current and future trends of the markets and this evaluates the current and potential capabilities of the organization and an attempt to forecast the future in order to achieve its objectives. The international planning process allows the organizations to answer the below mentioned questions. What is the present state of the company now? Where does the company want to go? How will the company get there? An efficient marketing planning process consists of the following steps. Determining the objectives of the organization. Assessing and evaluating organizational resources. Evaluating the opportunities risks. An efficient Marketing strategy. Evaluating and implementing marketing plans. (Source Doole Lowe 2004) Explanation: As it is already mentioned in the stages of the marketing planning process, first step is to determine the organization goals and set the objectives of marketing plan. This is the stage where the organization decides that what need to do and how we gong to achieve that. Keeping in mind the objectives, organizational resources are assessed which include the financial condition of the organization, its people, technology used and production capability. SWOT Analysis: SWOT Analysis is considered to be the very useful tool now days. It is actually a strategic planning method or approach to evaluate the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats of an organization. It involves in the project and business ventures as well. SWOT analysis consists of following Strengths: The characteristics of the organization or business thats gives an advantage to the company over its competitors or rivals. Weaknesses: The characteristics of the firm that have disadvantage to its competitors or rivals. Opportunities:  The opportunities are the external chances that make greater sales and can earn more profits. Threats:  Threats are also the external elements in the environment that cause trouble for the business. An  overall  plan  is based  on  the first  3  steps  of the SWOT analysis that will help the the  marketing  plan  a  major success  in the future. As I already mentioned marketing strategy gives us the answers for the following questions What is the present state of the company now? Where does the company want to go? How will the company get there? With the help of SWOT analysis we can analyse the company strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats. At the same time we can use the tool of PEST analysis that helps us analyse the political, economic, social and technological analysis. It helps us describe the work of marketing plan of the company. Porters five forces model gives us the knowledge of the number of forces that affects the marketing strategy of an organization. Last phase is to apply and implement the marketing plan; on the basis of the analysis the organization chooses its targeted market by using market segmentation methodology. And in the end the combination of effective and right marketing mix can give an edge over its competitors and rivals. During the stage of the planning process, organizations give more importance to their External Environmental Forces that can or will affect the marketing process. PEST analysis plays a very important and vital role at this stage and this gives the organizations a thorough analysis of the products. Difference between Marketing Planning Strategy: Strategy of an organization actually defines the overall aims, objectives mission of the company. Every business/ organization has set their goals and objectives in order to gain the market share and earn more profits as compare to their competitors. As I already mentioned that strategy of the company provides the answers of the following questions; As mentioned earlier that strategy of the company provides answers for the following three key questions; What is the present state of the company now? Where does the company want to go? How will the company get there? On the basis of these 3 important questions, an organization or a business sets its targets and makes a proper plan of action to achieve their goals. Marketing Planning: The process of promoting the product or services of the company on the basis of over all strategy of the organization is called marketing planning. Marketing planning involves Situational Analysis, Internal External Analysis of the organization and on the basis of the above factors choosing a right kind of marketing mix to increase the market share and maximize the profit and getting company competitive advantage over the competitors and rivals in the market. Construction of a Marketing Plan: It is extremely important for the businesses to make a proper marketing plan when they promote their product. This should be done efficiently in order to gain competitive advantage over competitors in an effective manner so that the organization can make more profits. Now I would like to focus on the components of the marketing plan. In this phase I will highlight the importance of marketing mix which helps us while making a marketing planning. The efficient kind of marketing mix strategies always gives a company an advantage in the market place. Marketing Mix: Marketing mix is defined as a set of tools an organization may use to achieve its marketing goals. (Kotler, Managing Markets 2006, P-19) McCarthy divided marketing mix in to four groups, which are commonly knows as 4Ps Product Price Place Promotion An organization uses the all four factors of marketing mix to attracts and target their customers. A company can change its price and keep changes its promotion schemes in short run but it might take longer period for them to change their product or places. Most of the organizations working in the market use Price and Promotion as key factors to target the customer to earn profits. The above mentioned 4Ps helps and represents sellers view of the marketing tools in order to attract the buyers. (Kotler Managing Markets 2006, P-20) Some other authors include 7Ps as the complete version of marketing mix. The remaining three are as follows: People Processes Physical Evidence If we look on the marketing mix of the Primark then we can analyze the marketing strategy they adopted so that they attract numbers of customers. Marketing Mix of Primark: Primark is widely knows and popular as a clothes retailer which keep attracting the customer by their low price and good quality clothes. I will highlight the marketing approach Primark adopted to get the benefits as compare to their competitors. Product: Primark is a clothes retailer, it is producing good and quality product according to the need of the people for all range of ages. In this section I will discuss what products they are selling and what are the different features of their products from mens wear, ladies wear and childrens wear. Quality: Quality of the product of Primark is quiet reasonable as compare to their prices especially if we look on the other retailers in the high street market retailers. Designs: Primark keep introducing latest designs at their retails out lets. Primark targeted people of ages from 25 to 35. Primark keep providing latest designs in their retails outlets at reasonable prices. Brand Names: Primark has launched different types of brands in their retails outlets for their customers, which are quite popular. I am discussing few brands of Primark that has become a part and become a value for money business. Rebel Active CS Active Early Days (For babies) Young Dimensions Active Cedar wood State (For Gents) Atmosphere (Source: www.primark.co.uk) Packing Sizes: The product which Primark produces are good in quality and their packing is extremely good that people attract to their products. In these products ladies wear and gents dress shirts comes under good packing and in all sizes. Services, Warranties Returns: Primark is one of the company which is growing very rapidly and company core objective is to provide the best services to their customers. Each and every Primark store has a customer services department where trained customer representative staff help the customers to their concern are solve the problems of the customers on priority basis. At Primark the product that has been purchase by the customers can be exchanged or it can be even refunded within the prescribed 21 days time of the day of purchased date. Price: Primark as a retail company is focusing to provide good quality of products to the customer at the very reasonable prices. Primark is one of the retailers in the Europe where a customer has been targeted by the price of the products. Their marketing strategy most important aspect is value for money with the slogan Look good pay less Examples: Gents shirt prices starts from only  £2.00 Gents jeans pent can be purchased with in  £10.00 Gents formal suite can be purchased in  £40.00 Apart from all that above Primark keep on reducing the prices of the product from time to time and in this way company fulfilling their promise of Look Good Pay Less. Promotion: Like other retailers working in the region you cannot see many promotion schemes but Primark do make promotions schemes so that they can create more market share. But over all the promotion factor of Primark is bit low because they dont have online shopping facility for their customers. This online shopping has been neglected which shouldnt be neglected as this is a very important factor in now days. Like all the other companies in the region, Primark introduced Pennys Gift Card in all their stores in Ireland. This brings a lot of saving on shopping in the Primark outlets. Place: In marketing mix the 4th P is a very important as far as the clothes retailer concern. You will see Primark stores and outlets on all major and important high streets and shopping centres. Primark has also opened a shop at the famous Oxford Street in the Central London, this store at Oxford Street doing a very good business. The Primark store at Lakeside is also one of the busiest stores at Lakeside shopping centre. If we talk regarding the transportation point of view, all Primark stores and outlets are easy assessable to the general public through public transports as they are located at the very important and majors high streets and shopping centres, and this make Primark a value for money brand for the consumers in the recession period. People: This is also a very important factor of marketing mix and it is very significant as well. Marketing strategy should be made for the people who either are the end users of are the part of the organization for e.g. workers, management, consumers etc. this also defines the market segmentation and demographic segmentation. Processes: This process also plays a vital role because its gives an overview about the processes involved in the business. Like mechanism, procedure and flow of all the activities by which services are used. This also tells us the procedures that how product reach the end users. So its important that marketing process should be flexible to meet the needs of the businesses processes. Physical Evidence: The last 7P of marketing mix is physical evidence this mean that the marketing strategy should include effectively communicating their satisfaction to potential customers. Impact of Marketing Mix on the Management Decision Making: The importance of marketing mix is very important for every organizations business and marketing plans. Marketing mix is chosen after the very critical analysis of the forces that affects internal and external environment. In this way management can get the better idea about the strengths and weaknesses of the organizations. The potential business opportunities and threats are due to the presence of the different companies offering and doing the businesses by same sort of services and product. After the very careful and critical analysis of all the above factors the management of the companies make very good and fruitful decisions. An effective and correct Marketing Mix strategy will give the companies competitive edge over the competitors in this way they can produce more profits and maximise the market share of the company. Importance of Budgeting in Marketing Plan Financial forecasting is also very important and vital in over all running of the business unit. In case of marketing the funds availability is very important. On this basis the organization allocates resources and funds for an effective marketing plan so that they can produce more result in shape of success. Here the question arises that what should be the cost of the whole marketing campaign of the product or the business and how we can allocate the funds for that. Promotional budget normally determined by how much fund provided and how much percentage is available out of the revenue received from the sale of the brand.

Anoreixa Nervosa and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder :: Essays on Disorders

I. Introduction Eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder, have been hypothesized to have a relationship with obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, there remains a great amount of evidence in favor that anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder share more similarities than bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder. The implications of integrating eating disorders with obsessive-compulsive disorder to create a "family" of disorders called obsessive compulsive spectrum disorder will be discussed. There remain some differences between eating disorders and obsessive compulsive disorders which further explore the correlation. Furthermore, review papers and primary research papers support that a correlation exists between eating disorders and obsessive compulsive disorders, and the research acknowledges the differences between the two disorders. However, two primary research papers do not believe that there exists a correlation between the two disorde rs. In all, the implications of the relationship between the two diseases, the treatment of the two diseases, and suggestions for further and diverse research will be explored II. The DSM-IV Definition of Anorexia Nervosa: The DSM-IV definition of anorexia nervosa has four conditions. The definition states: "I) Refusal to maintain body weight for age and height; 2) intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though underweight; 3) disturbance in the way in one's body weight, size, or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation, or denial of the seriousness of the current low body weight; and 4) in females, ammenorrhea" (1). There remain two kinds of an nervosa as well the restricting ": "the person has not regularly engaged in binge-eating or purging behavior-" and the binge-eating/purging type.- "in which the person has regularly engaged in these behaviors" (1). Anorexia nervosa usually occurs during adolescence and in females. This definition becomes important in understanding the relationship between anorexia nervosa and obsessivecompulsive disorder. III. The DSM-IV Definition of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders. The DSM-IV definition of obsessive-compulsive disorder states: "an anxiety disorder, where it is defined as obsessions and/or compulsions that cause marked distress, are time-consuming, or interfere with functioning. Obsessions are defined as recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses or images that are experienced as invasiive and ego-dystonic and that cause anxiety or distress. Compulsions are defined as ritualistic behaviors or mental acts that the person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rules that must be rigidly applied. The behavior or mental act is aimed at preventing or reducing distress or preventing some dreaded event or situation and is recognized as excessive or unreasonable" (1).

Pros and Cons of Weight Reducing Diets Essay -- Health Nutrition Diet

Pros and Cons of Weight Reducing Diets   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The article â€Å"Health Advantages and Disadvantages of Weight-Reducing Diets: A Computer Analysis and Critical Review† outlines eight diets that were examined and how the researchers and doctors looked at the potential long term effects of each one. The diets examined were Atkins, Protein Power, Sugar Busters, Zone, ADA Exchange, High-Fiber Fitness, Pritikin and Ornish. The research team created formulas using computer software, menu plans with recommended snacks and looking at the food pyramid to estimate coronary heart disease (a disease of the heart and arteries that blocks blood flow to the heart). They found that diets high in protein and fat, protein being a complex organic molecule necessary for the proper functioning of an organism; and low in carbohydrates, an organic compound that serves as a major energy source, produce a greater risk for coronary heart disease and diabetes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Over 50% of Americans are overweight.† This has led to the creation of many different diets. Some of these diets promote healthy eating and long-term weight loss while others are just fad diets with unsafe recommendations. It is suggested by expert panels that people should consume about 30% fat, from which only 10% can be saturated fat (a fat of animal origin) and less than 300 mg. of cholesterol daily. Cholesterol is a white substance found in animal tissues that serves the cell membranes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first thing the researchers did was to identify which diets were currently popular. They then looked at those diets that have been around for a long time. Each diet examined was different. The Atkins diet states that a high-fat ... ...tein Power diets are very high in total and saturated fat compared to current dietary guidelines. Long-term uses of these diets for weight maintenance are likely to significantly increase cholesterol concentrations and risks for coronary heart disease.† Diets that are higher in carbohydrates and fiber actually lower these risks. High fat diets do have short-term weight loss but the potential hazards for worsening the risk for heart disease and cholesterol problems override the short-term benefits. Sources Consulted:     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anderson, James, MD. â€Å"Health Advantages and Disadvantages of Weight-Reducing Diets: A Computer Analysis and Critical Review.† American College of Nutrition 19 (2000): 578-590.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dictionary. 21 October 2004. Lexico Publishing Group, LLC. 14 May 1995. .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Impact of Prison on Fyodor Dostoevskys Poor Folk, The Double, and The Idiot :: Dostoevsky Poor Folk Essays

Impact of Prison on Fyodor Dostoevsky's Poor Folk, The Double, and The Idiot Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky is perhaps one of the most well known but least understood authors from the nineteenth century. His life was one full of misfortune and suffering; his works filled with religious pondering and philosophical discussions. Dostoevsky's life experiences were integrated into the characters in his pieces, both in terms of personality and ideology. An especially important turning point in his life was his arrest and imprisonment at the age of twenty-seven, shortly after the beginning of his writing career. This prison sentence and time in exile served to shape his perceptions and beliefs towards life, which were then incorporated into his literary works. Dostoevsky entered the Chief Engineering Academy in Saint Petersburg in 1838, at the age of 17. Upon his graduation, he served in the civil service, but gave it up to pursue writing full-time. 1846 saw the publishing of his first books, Poor Folk, and The Double. In Poor Folk, he explores some of the social issues of the day, and the work has even been dubbed of a "socialist character." During this time, he had joined forces with other young intellectuals, and began attending meetings headed by Petrashevsky. These young "social realists" would meet and discuss current political issues -- most importantly, the idea of the liberation of the serfs. This issue was especially of interest to Fyodor, who had been exposed to the cruelties of serfdom early in his life. He had a deep hatred of the institution of serfdom, which was perhaps rooted in his guilt towards the murder of his father. It was thought that Mikhail Andreevich was murdered by his own serfs during a particularly violent bout of anger towards them. Fyodor, while he was in no way associated with the death (he was in school in Saint Petersburg at the time), none the less felt guilt. Part of this may have been due to his incessant nagging for more money from his father during his last few years. This group of idealists was influenced by the changing political status in Europe during the middle of the nineteenth century. This was a time of a new social awareness -- new rights and liberties were being fought for and won, governments were transforming, and a series of "utopian socialist" books were quickly becoming popular. Dostoevsky had been an avid reader of such authors as Hugo, Sand, Sue, and others in this field.

Keeping History Alive

He believes that no one cares about this place that was once the greatest civilization between the desserts of Mexico and the North America Attic, nor do they seem to realize that it was America's first city because they built a highway right threw the middle of it without a care in the world. Glen is clearly upset that Iacocca, being a great achievement by the Indians, does not have the popularity and respect that Macho Fichu does today. Hodges gives many examples to back up his opinion. He talks about the first person to write a detailed account ofCassia's mounds, Henry Bracketing. Secondary source Henry wrote that he was astonished at the size of the mounds. He did however complain that his discovery was widely ignored when put in the newspaper to his friend, former President Thomas Jefferson. Americans at this time didn't care about the Indians and there history. Andrew Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830 early expressed that. He also talked about Dwight Howard establishing his highway program. This allowed the highways to be built right In the middle of the mounds.Many archeologist have tidied the area surrounding Iacocca and Iacocca and have found great things, primary sources/artifacts for example they found homes, and human sacrifice sites. All these things just show that it was a great development and civilization. Hodges also speaks of his own experiences with Iacocca. When he drives to SST. Louis, he tries to find something that shows evidence of how great of a place it once was and to see if there was a memorial site of the big mound there. He says that he was shocked to see that the exact spot were the big mound was located was the exact spot were the ewe East SST.Louis bridge was going to be constructed. He was surprised that this was happening and when we asked around about it he found out that when archaeologists excavated the lot they didn't find a trace of Big Mound, only the factories that were built to take its place in the 19th century. Af ter searching for a while, Hodges did find a very small, poor looking cobblestone memorial a half a block down Broadway from Mound Street, with a missing plaque and grass growing between the rocks. When Glen was there, there was a man spraying weed killer, but, e wasn't from the city.Just another person who hates to his history go down the drain. After reading this article, I now completely agree with Glen Hodges. I must admit that I was one of the people who had never heard of this place before, and it shocked me that it was in SST. Louis, a place that I have been many times. I don't think Its right that the government is allowing America to to build highways and businesses on such a holsters landmark. I hate that America Is doing nothing to Iacocca a lot more then they are right now.

Website Development on Product Price

Elements Determination Sample Preparation Conclusion _ Recommendations The problem of getting exact price information on several stores is quite a big concern towards middle income citizen, and much for lower, especially during the economic crisis which caused the increase of goods price as a whole. The presence of big retail stores drowns the smaller stores in terms of discount, advertising, and convenience of the building. But actually the price is more or less the same or the price at smaller stores and eventually cheaper than the big retail stores.Small retail tores seem to be camouflaged by big company, and at the end of the day, the small stores will shut down. On the other hand, people who really concern about money, everything to purchase needs to be calculated precisely, so that they do not over budget. The above phenomenon seems to cause this group of people having no choice, but to purchase at the so-called big convenience store at higher price. Besides, those who are more energetic, they might visit one store to another, Just to do the price comparison.Thus, this study provides solution by developing website on goods price and information from several retail stores. This will be done by gathering and publishing price information from participated retail stores in selected area into the integrated service broker website. This website will act as a service broker by connecting the businesses with the people. This study believes that by providing information of goods to the people through website, this will make people's life easier and effective, and cost saving.

Review intermediate macroecon

How do we measure standard of living Measuring the standard of living in a country is to use real national income per capita. This is found that dividing real national income (GAP or GNP) by the total population. 2. How can European unemployment be reduced? Central bank should decrease interest rates, and allow for an increase in demand, and unemployment would decrease. They need to be less protective, to eliminate these labor market rigidities, and to adopt US style labor market institutions 3. What are the benefits of the Euro?No more changes in the relative price of currencies for European firms to worry about, no more need to change currencies when crossing borders. 4. What has contributed to the high economic growth of China? A. The first Is high accumulation of capital. The Investment rate exceeds 40% of output, a high number. Compared to US which Is 17%. More capital means higher productivity and higher output. B. The second is rapid technological progress. By making Chinese f irms work with and learn from foreign firms, the productivity of the Chinese firms has increase dramatically. Chapter 2 1.What Is GAP, value added approach A measure of aggregate output in the national income accounts (The market value of goods and services produced by labor and property located in the US) VALUE ADDED: Sales – Intermediate goods Intermediate GOOD: is a good used in production of another good. Some goods can be both final goods and intermediate goods. (EX: Final: Potatoes sold directly to consumers/ Intermediate: Potatoes used to produce potato chips) 2. Nominal and Real GAP Nominal: sum of quantities of final goods produced times their current price. Nominal GAP increases over time for 2 reasons: a.Production of most goods increase ever time. B. Prices of most goods also increase over time. Real: Sum of quantities of final goods times constant (rather than current prices) 3. GAP Deflator: the ratio of nominal GAP to real GAP in year t ICP: The cost of a given list of goods and services consumed by a typical urban dweller Inflation: A sustained rise in the general level of prices Inflation rate: The rate at which the price level increase over time. 4. Labor Force and Discourage workers Labor Force: The sum of those employed and those unemployed Discourage Workers: A person who has given up looking for employment. . Unemployment rate and Labor force participation rate Unemployment rate: The ratio of the number of unemployed to the labor force Labor Force Participation rate: The ratio of the labor force to the total population of working age (non-institutional civilian population) Chapter 3 1. MAC, multiplier (CLC): The effect on consumption of an additional dollar of disposable income 2. Consumption function A function that relates consumption to its determinants 3. Determination of output in Goods Market 4. Keynesian cross 5. What shifts the Z line 6. Determinants of Investment 7. Shifts of the IS curve

Proposal for Development of Petrol Chemical Plant on Jurong Island

Capital input for construction and maintenance of a petrochemical plant is high because of the large amounts of electricity and water id needed to heat up raw materials used in the petrochemical industry from which hydrocarbons are extracted. The main raw materials would be naphtha and kerosene, which are obtained from oil refineries. A highly skill labour force is required to run the advance machinery. Processes In the plant, crackers are used to break up large hydrocarbons in refined oil products like naphtha and gasoline. In the cracker, hydrocarbons heated by steam pass over the hot catalyst powered alumina-silica gel. The catalyst provides a huge surface on which the hydrocarbons break up into smaller more useful hydrocarbons. After crackling, the compounds are separated by fractionation. Some of these compounds are joined with other chemicals. Outputs Processed basic petrochemicals such as ethylene, propylene, butadiene, benzene, isoprene, and xylenes, which are the building blocks for innumerable chemical products spanning the range of the plastic, rubber, and synthetic fiber industries. Information about suitable location The proposed location, Jurong Island, formed by land reclamation to merge seven offshore islands off the southern coast of Singapore (figure1), is a highly integrated world-class petrochemical complex. Their total is home to leading petrochemical companies like Chevron, Sumitomo and Mobil. Figure 1Location of Jurong Island Figure 2Map of Jurong Island [d1]Central to the industry cluster concept and development of Jurong Island as an integrated complex is the sharing of common facilities. These include marine facilities, such as jetties and other berthing facilities; services such as warehousing, waste treatment, fire fighting, medical and emergency response; a common service corridor and infrastructure such as roads and drains. Connected to mainland Singapore by 2.6 kilometre causeway, Jurong Island is only a ten minutes journey form furthest part of Jurong Island to the mainland. There are also bus services plying the entire island. [email  protected], which is the amenity centre found on the island itself as the community and transportation hub for Jurong Island customers. The amenity centre houses facilities like an air-conditioned food court, an alfresco restaurant, a medical centre, a hardware store and a convenience store. The Chemical Logistics Hub, called Banyan Logistics Hub, is a 80-hectare facility on Jurong Island to serve companies there. It will have berths, jetties and other marine facilities that provide linkage to the chemical plants via the common service corridors. Logistics services like storage tanks, chemical warehouses, tank cleaning, cleaning and maintenance, drumming, and waste treatment facilities will also be available. The Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICES) which will be situated on Jurong Island and to be is expected to be completed in early 2003. Reasons for Choice of Location There are many key factors for the choice of location. Singapore is well positioned to play a key role in the growth of Asia-Pacific's petrochemical industry with an integrated hub on Jurong Island. Many multinational companies are already enjoying the benefits of locating on Jurong Island. Thus Singapore's Jurong Island would thus be the choice location for the petrochemical plant. Jurong Island was formed by reclaiming the channels between the seven islands in phases, and extending beyond into additional sea space to form one big island. When completed, it will form a land area of about 2,650 hectares from an initial mass of less than 1,000 hectares. This will provide flat land for the building of the plant and also allow future expansion. Also the company will easy access to their customers worldwide, because of Singapore's strategic location, world-class transportation and logistics, telecommunication and IT infrastructure. Singapore also has a highly skilled labour force which are specialized in the field of petrochemisty. Productivity of Singaporean workers are high as they are noted to have good working attitude and aptitude which would positively affect total production and therefore profit. Furthermore there are many regulation patenting to strikes and work stoppages to Singapore thus there would be no worry for decline of productivity because of this. Moveover Chemical Process Technology Centre which will be ready in early 2003 will be situated on Jurong Island, will feature a production plant to provide practical training for students from the polytechnics and technical institutes so as to produce process technicians that are equipped with the latest technical skill sets to complement their academic knowledge, enabling them to meet future challenges of petrochemical industries. The Chemical Logistics Hub located on Jurong Isalnd itself will provide shippoing infractura other marine facilities would provide linkage to the chemical plants via the common service corridors. Logistics services like storage tanks, chemical warehouses, tank cleaning, cleaning and maintenance, drumming, and waste treatment facilities will also be available This will help be facilite transportion thus making it more efficient ans cost efficient . Furthermore it would save start up cost as we would not need in inoccur extear cost in building these facilities. Singapore also offers an extremely pro-business environment. The government is highly supportive of set up of petrochemical plants and offer finacial assistance such as tax incentives,innovation grants and low cost lows which will lower the start up cost. Being a petrochemical hub with 70 companies investing more than S$21 billion in oil refining, petrochemical manufacturing and specialty chemical manufacturing and supporting facilities on Jurong Island. There is a linkage among the companies located in Jurong Island. The oil refinery plants (e.g. Shell), which are also located on Jurong Island, will provide feedstock (e.g. Naphtha) for the petrochemical plant. The plants' outputs (processed petrochemicals) to end-users in the vicinity or to ports to be exported to other neighboring countries in South East Asia. The sitting of the related industries in close proximity results in an invisible network of partnership that connects companies on the island, Jurong Island's vertical integration will save about 25 to 30 per cent off capital outlay and 10 to 15 per cent logistics cost. Furthermore Jurong Island is located along tanker routes and the availability of infacturure such as ports means the plants outputs can be shipped out easily Future plans for Expansion As the number of petrochemical plants are set up, competition from varies companys will increase (Table 1). To maintain competitiveness and to expand, we must firstly maxism the output of the current plant. Ramping of production capacity automation machinery improve procedures Second third shifts Merger and acquisition Extensive reseach into making production more cost and laboour efficentive, R&D work to develop more efficient production procedures ,continusing to improve standards and skiulls of workers Proposal for Development of Wafer Fabrication Plant in Pasir Ris Wafer Fab Park To process bare wafers made locally and distributed its products worldwide Proposal for development of Wafer Fabrication Plant in Pasir Ris Wafer Fab Park Brief Information Input Capital input for Wafer fabrication is high because of the expensive start up cost huge investments with an average direct investment of US$1 billion per fab. Raw material is silicon. LA pool of skilled labour is needed to run machinesry and to manufacture wafer. Enginneres and researchers needed for R&D. High comsumpution of water and electicity. Processes Wafer fabrication refers to the multiple processes that a wafer goes through to become an integratred circuit product. A wafer, usually composed of silicon, is the base material for integrated circuits. Silicon is processed into cylinder shaped ingot and then sliced and polished into mirror-like wafers of uniform thickness. These go through highly precise and complex manufacturing processes such as oxidation, diffusion, thin film deposition, ion implantation, patterning, cleaning and etching. Outputs The finished wafer contains hundreds of chips which go though additional processes to become finished integrated circuit products. These integrated circuits are inputs for electronics and computer industries. Information about suitable location The proposed location, Pasir Ris Wafer Fab Park is located in the eastern region of Singapore, close to the Tampines Regional Centre and the Tampines Wafer Fab Park and served by the Pasir Ris MRT and Tampines Expressway. About 16.2 ha of the 59.1 ha site has been allocated. Industry luminaries have staked their chips here, including United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC), the world's second largest foundry and Systems on Silicon Manufacturing (SSMC). Figure 1Site Map of Pasir Ris Wafer Fab Park The park is fully equppied with specialized infrastructure such as a adequate and uninterrupted supply of electricity and water and a vibration-free environment. The JTC Tampines Dormitory for foreign workers nearby offers 400 units – which can house up to 4800 workers to provide convienent and comfarable accommodation for foreign workers. The park is located only a ten minutes drive from the airport. Reasons for Choice of Location Singapore is a world-class electronics hub with global leadership in manufacturing solutions and in the creation and management of new products, applications and markets. The electronics industry in Singapore has the highest output in the manufacturing sector, accounting for 55% (or $70.1 billion) of manufacturing's total output in 2001. Thus the outlook of starting up a wafer fabrication plant in Singapore is promising. The semiconductor industry will be one of the key sectors driving growth in the electronics industry in the future. Its focus will be on integrated circuit (IC) design; wafer fabrication*; and testing and assembly. Singapore, with different economic and resource conditions from its neighbors, undertook reforms and infrastructure development that would make it an attractive location for regional offices of multinational corporations and increasingly high value-added manufacturing. Singapore-based MNCs are given incentives, such as tax and financial incentives and As the industry uses more new and sophisticated equipment and technology and automated manufacturing processes, the new jobs created require skilled workers, that is, workers with post-secondary educational qualifications and above. In 1999, 5,000 jobs were created in the electronics industry, of which 42% were jobs that required skilled workers. To meet the needs of the industry for skilled manpower, the Economic Development Board (EDB) works with the Institutes of Higher Learning (IHLs) and research institutes/centres, to carry out research and implement training programmes. In addition, companies are also encouraged to extend their resources to the IHLs to expose students of the state-of-the-art equipment and technology. One of the largest IT markets ($7.5 billion) in the APAC region. Highly developed business culture. Very open to outsourcing and well established Indian business presence-over 300 Indian business houses and 90,000 NRIs based out of here. Is India's eighth-largest investor with direct equity investments of about $1.3 billion at end-2001. India's investment in Singapore has also grown by 14% over the past decade. Adequte facilites, within wafer fabrication park, company will have advantage of being able to share ideas and information with other companies. Share maintainece and support services and basic amentites such as roads and power. Singapore headquarters of national and international backs. Wafer fabrication very captital intensive, devoplement agencies in Singapore provide financial help, schemes for loans to start up company help to pay for set up coast. In terms of product positioning, Singapore is more innovative and advanced. Its lands, infrastructure and facilities for wafer fab are all allocated in a certain area so companies can actually start working upon moving in to the building in either of the three wafer fab parks. However, when it comes to living environment, Singapore excels: It has no crime to speak of, offers excellent transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, has high-quality English-language schooling, and is generally a more â€Å"westernized† environment for overseas skilled workers. As testament to that, you'll find Germans, Japanese, Koreans, Americans, Taiwanese and mainland Chinese all working in Singapore's semiconductor sector.Good for foreign talent ie Italian and French. Excellt airport, near airport efficient exporting of wafers worldwide. Pasir Ris has industry luminaries United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC), the world's second largest foundry chance of working with large company. Future plans for expansion Is the heart of Southeast Asia and ideal for tapping into closer markets like China, Malaysia, and Australia. APAC headquarters of most MNCs based out of here. Big business opportunity in that sector.But base stioll in Singapore. Carry out R&D work to develop new, more sophisticated value-added products and more efficient methods of production in fields of wafer fabrication. Turn more to mechanization and automationm to achieve higher productivity. Set up wafer fabrication plants overseas in countries with lower labour cost such as Taiwan and China while still having hq in Singapore. Mus t be commited to carrying out product development and manufacturing actieveities in Singapore. Make Singapore base for manufacturing wafers and headquaters services to satellite factoris in the region go into partnership with EDB inrisk-sharing partnerhip to invest in overseas projects. Company to retrain worker to equip themselves with cerfiable and critical high-end skills needed by in production of wafer fabrication, obtain grants from Skills development fund to send employees for critical skills training.